Statistical variability of general properties and microelements along a transect of a soil under wineyard
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- Irene Varela Vila+−
- Antonio Paz González+−
- Marcos Lado Liñares+−
- Eva Vidal Vázquez+−
- Gabriela Cristina Sarti+−
Abstract
Soil properties may exhibit an important spatial variability between neighboring samples. In agricultural soils, there is a need to assess the presence of potential limiting factors and their variability. The aim of this work was to evaluate the statistical variability of the main soil general properties and micronutrients of a vineyard soil from samples collected along a small transect. On this transect, which was located on a field from the Ribeiro Origin Determination, 65 soil samples were taken at a between-sample distance of 0.8 m. The general soil properties studied were texture, pH, organic matter content and exchange complex attributes. In additions, total concentrations and available concentrations extracted by Mehlich 3 and DTPA solutions of four micronutrients, namely Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn, were also determined. The soil texture ranged from loamy to sandy loam. Mean soil pH was 5.30, mean organic matter content was 2.31% and mean cationic exchange capacity was 7.56 cmol(+)kg-1 of soil. The coefficients of variation of sand, silt and clay fractions, pH, organic matter and cation exchange capacity were smaller than 10% and were classified as low, however the remaining soil properties showed CVs ranging from 10% to 20% and were classified as medium. The concentrations of total micronutrients and available micronutrients extracted with Mehlich 3 ranked as: Fe > Mn > Cu > Zn, while concentrations extracted with DTPA ranked as: Fe > Cu > Mn > Zn. Cooper accumulation was found to be the main limiting factor for wine production. Moreover, an imbalance of the Mg/K ratio in segments of the transect was evidenced. The pH and organic matter content showed relatively low values and therefore liming and increasing use of organic manures are recommended. Summarizing, the used experimental design allowed to evaluate soil quality state and to recognize the soil properties that act as production limiting factors.
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