Influence of physical activity and overweight on academic performance: theoretical review
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Physical activity is an issue of global concern today. Its implications on people’s physical and mental health are highly documented. Physical inactivity is ranked as the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality and also is a direct cause of overweight and, at a higher extent, of obesity, so it leads to higher public costs by Health Systems. Physical activity produces a series of physiological processes that are highly related with cognitive processes, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor segregation. Processes such as memory and attention are increased by regular physical activity. Therefore, there exist scientific evidence for the relationship between physical activity and academic performance. Furthermore, both overweight and obesity have raised as variables negatively associated to academic performance and some psychological aspects, such as self-concept. The objective of this review , therefore, is to make a compilation and description of the results of various investigations regarding the benefits of physical activity on academic performance and adverse effects of childhood overweight and obesity on it too.
Keywords:
Downloads
Article Details
References
Brunes, A., Augestad, L. B. y Gudmundsdottir, S. L. (2013). Personality, physical activity, and symptoms of anxiety and depression: the HUNT study. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 48(5), 745-756. doi: 10.1007/s00127-012-0594-6
Buscemi, J., Kong, A., Fitzgibbon, M.L., Bustamante, E.E., Davis, C.L., Pate, R.R., Wilson, D.K. (2014) Society of Behavioral Medicine position statement: elementary school-based physical activity supports academic achievement. Translational Behavioral Medicine, 4 (4), 436-438. doi: 10.1007/s13142-014-0279-7
Caspersen, C. J., Powell, K. E., & Christenson, G. M. (1985). Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for health-related research. Public health reports, 100(2), 126.
CSD (2010). Plan Integral para la Actividad Física y el Deporte. Madrid: Consejo Superior de Deportes. Recuperado de http://www.csd.gob.es/csd/estaticos/plan-integral/LIBRO-PLAN-AD.pdf
Davis, C. L., Tomporowski, P. D., Boyle, C. A., Waller, J. L., Miller, P. H., Naglieri, J. A., y Gregoski, M. (2007). Effects of aerobic exercise on overweight children's cognitive functioning: a randomized controlled trial. Research quarterly for exercise and sport, 78(5), 510-519. doi:10.1080/02701367.2007.10599450
Davis, C.; Kennedy, S.; Ravelski, E. y Dionea, M. (1994). The role of physical activity in the development and maintenance of eating disorders. Psychological Medicine, 24(4), 957-967. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291700029044
Devís, J. (Coord.). (2000). Actividad física, deporte y salud. Barcelona: INDE.
Erickson, K. I., Voss, M. W., Prakash, R. S., Basak, C., Szabo, A., Chaddock, L.,... y Kramer, A. F. (2011). Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(7), 3017-3022 doi: 10.1073/pnas.1015950108
Flöel, A., Ruscheweyh, R., Krüger, K., Willemer, C., Winter, B., Völker, K., ... y Knecht, S. (2010). Physical activity and memory functions: are neurotrophins and cerebral gray matter volume the missing link?. Neuroimage, 49(3), 2756-2763.
Florin, T. A., Shults, J., y Stettler, N. (2011). Perception of overweight is associated with poor academic performance in US adolescents. Journal of School Health, 81(11), 663-670. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2011.00642.x
García, J. J. (1997). Actividades físicas organizadas: AFO. Zamora: Universidad de Salamanca.
González, E. R., y Ortega, A. P. (2013). Relación de sobrepeso y obesidad con nivel de actividad física, condición física, perfil psicomotor y rendimiento escolar en población infantil (8 a 12 años) de Popayán. Revista Movimiento Científico, 7(1), 71-84.
Heshmat, R., Larijani, F. A., Pourabbasi, A., y Pourabbasi, A. (2014). Do overweight students have lower academic performance than their classmates? A pilot cross sectional study in a middle school in Tehran. Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders, 13(1):87. doi:10.1186/s40200-014-0087-0
Hillman, C. H., Erickson, K. I., y Kramer, A. F. (2008). Be smart, exercise your heart: exercise effects on brain and cognition. Nature reviews neuroscience, 9(1), 58-65. doi: 10.1038/nrn2298
Hillman, C. H., Pontifex, M. B., Castelli, D. M., Khan, N. A., Raine, L. B., Scudder, M. R., ... y Kamijo, K. (2014). Effects of the FITKids randomized controlled trial on executive control and brain function. Pediatrics, 134(4), e1063-e1071. doi: 10.1542/peds.2013-3219
Hollar, D., Messiah, S. E., Lopez-Mitnik, G., Hollar, T. L., Almon, M., y Agatston, A. S. (2010). Effect of a two-year obesity prevention intervention on percentile changes in body mass index and academic performance in low-income elementary school children. American Journal of Public Health, 100(4), 646-653. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2009.165746
Jiménez, M. (2000). Competencia social: intervención preventiva en la escuela. Infancia y Sociedad. 24, 21- 48.
Joseph, R. P., Royse, K. E., Benitez, T. J. y Pekmezi, D. W. (2014). Physical activity and quality of life among university students: exploring self-efficacy, self-esteem, and affect as potential mediators. Quality of Life Research, 23(2), 659-667. doi: 10.1007/s11136-013-0492-8
Junior, H. S., Cavazzotto, T. G., Paludo, A. C., Zambrin, L. F., y Simões, A. C. (2015). The impact of obesity on the perception of self-concept in children and adolescents. Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, 17(2), 165-174. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2015v17n2p165
Kantomaa, M. T., Stamatakis, E., Kankaanpää, A., Kaakinen, M., Rodriguez, A., Taanila, A., ... y Tammelin, T. (2013). Physical activity and obesity mediate the association between childhood motor function and adolescents’ academic achievement. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110(5), 1917-1922. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1214574110
Khalaila, R. (2014). The relationship between academic self-concept, intrinsic motivation, test anxiety, and academic achievement among nursing students: Mediating and moderating effects. Nurse Education Today. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2014.11.001
Kim, J.-H., So, W.-Y. (2013) Association between overweight/obesity and academic performance in South Korean adolescent. Central European Journal of Public Health, 21(4), 179-183. doi: 10.3109/17477160902846203
Kremer, P., Elshaug, C., Leslie, E., Toumbourou, J. W., Patton, G. C. y Williams, J. (2014). Physical activity, leisure-time screen use and depression among children and young adolescents. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 17(2), 183-187. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2013.03.012
Krukowski, R. A., West, D. S., Perez, A. P., Bursac, Z., Phillips, M. M., y Raczynski, J. M. (2009). Overweight children, weight-based teasing and academic performance. International Journal of Pediatric Obesity, 4(4), 274-280. doi: 10.3109/17477160902846203
Martinez-Gonzalez, M. A., Martinez, J.A., Hu, F. B., Gibney, M. J. y Kearney, J. (1999). Physical inactivity, sedentary lifestyle and obesity in the European Union. International journal of obesity, 23(11), 1192-1201.
Martínez, J. A., Moreno, M. J., Marques-Lopes, I. y Martí, A. (2002). Causas de obesidad. Anales del sistema sanitario de Navarra, 25(1), 17-27.
Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad. (2012) Informe anual del Sistema Nacional de Salud 2012. Madrid: Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad Centro de Publicaciones. Recuperado de http://www.msssi.gob.es/estadEstudios/estadisticas/sisInfSanSNS/tablasEstadisticas/infsns2012.pdf
O’Malley, G. (2011). Aerobic exercise enhances executive function and academic achievement in sedentary, overweight children aged 7–11 years. Journal of physiotherapy, 57(4), 255. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1836-9553(11)70056-X
Organización Mundial de la Salud (2010). Recomendaciones mundiales sobre actividad física para la salud. Ginebra: Organización Mundial de la Salud.
Organización Mundial de la Salud (2014). Estadísticas sanitarias mundiales 2014. Ginebra: Organización Mundial de la Salud.
Organización Mundial de la Salud. (2002). The world health report 2002: reducing risks, promoting healthy life. World Health Organization.
Organización Mundial de la Salud. (2014). Actividad física. Recuperada de http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs385/es/
Organización Mundial de la Salud. (2015). Obesidad y sobrepeso. Recuperada de http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/es/
Pratt, M., Norris, J., Lobelo, F., Roux, L. y Wang, G. (2014). The cost of physical inactivity: moving into the 21st century. British journal of sports medicine, 48(3), 171-173. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2012-091810
Ramírez, C. y Vales, J. (2003). Detección de necesidades de profesionalización docente en instituciones educativas de nivel medio superior. Enseñanza e Investigación en Psicología, 8(1), 63-72.
Ramírez, W., Vinaccia, S. y Suarez, G. (2004). El impacto de la actividad física y el deporte sobre la salud, la cognición, la socialización y el rendimiento académico: una revisión teórica. Revista de estudios Sociales, 18, 67-75.
Ratey, John J. y Hagerman, Eric (2010). Spark! How exercise will improve the performance of your brain. Hachette UK: Quercus.
Reeves, M. J. y Bailey, R. P. (2014). The effects of physical activity on children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a review. Education 3-13: International Journal of Primary, Elementary and Early Years Education, 1-13. doi:10.1080/03004279.2014.918160
Sánchez Bañuelos, F. (1996). La actividad física orientada hacia la salud. Madrid: Biblioteca Nueva.
Sibley, B. A., y Etnier, J. L. (2002). The effects of physical activity on cognition in children: a meta analysis. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 34(5), S214.
Stone, G. (1965). The play of little children. Quest, 4(1), 23-32.
Syväoja, H. J., Tammelin, T. H., Ahonen, T., Kankaanpää, A. y Kantomaa, M. T. (2014). The Associations of Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Time with Cognitive Functions in School-Aged Children. PloS one, 9(7), e103559. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103559
Vivanco-Muñoz, N., Reyes-Sánchez, M., Lazcano, E., Díaz, R., Antúnez, O. y Clark, P. (2012). Physical activity is a prognostic factor for bone mineral density in Mexican children. Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México, 69(1), 40-45.
Willis, L. H., Slentz, C. A., Bateman, L. A., Shields, A. T., Piner, L. W., Bales, C. W., ... y Kraus, W. E. (2012). Effects of aerobic and/or resistance training on body mass and fat mass in overweight or obese adults. Journal of Applied Physiology, 113(12), 1831-1837. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01370.2011
Winter B. et al. (2007). High impact running improves learning. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 87(4), 597-609. doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2006.11.003