Questionnaires on sexual violence in sports: a systematic review
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- Andrea Sáenz Olmedo+−
- Aitor Iturricastillo+−
- Uxue Fernández-Lasa+−
- Nagore Fernández+−
- Olalla Eizaguirre+−
- Oidui Usabiaga+−
Abstract
The increasing number of cases of sexual violence in sports practiced by minors justifies the need to have valid and reliable instruments to identify these violent behaviors and know their incidence. The objective of this systematic review was to analyze the psychometric characteristics of retrospective questionnaires assessing perceptions and experiences of sexual violence in school sport (12-17 years). A review of the literature was conducted between 1960 and 2023 in Pubmed, Dialnet, Eric, Scopus and Psycinfo, five studies (questionnaires) were selected and, after evaluating their methodological quality using the Qualitative Attributes and Measurement Properties of Physical Activity Questionnaires (QAPAQ) checklist, they were analyzed its general, structural characteristics and psychometric properties. The results showed that the few questionnaires found are of acceptable methodological quality, providing values of internal consistency (except one study) and content validity. The questionnaires were developed to evaluate sexual violence behaviors in sports perpetrated by coaches or other athletes using Likert scales and in a self-administered manner. We believe that it is still necessary to evaluate the measurement properties of sexual harassment in sport questionnaires and try to unify the questionnaires in order to contrast the results on perceptions and experiences.
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