Relación entre la condición física y el rendimiento académico en escolares de zonas rurales de Rumanía
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El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar la relación entre el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y las habilidades motoras en niños de 5º a 8º grado, de 11 a 14 años, en una escuela primaria pública rural. Realizado en una escuela demográficamente diversa con un currículo consistente, la investigación minimizó las variables externas. El IMC se determinó según las directrices internacionales, y las competencias motoras se evaluaron mediante pruebas estandarizadas (carrera de 50 metros, carrera de 1000 metros, salto de longitud, prueba de abdominales y prueba de plancha). Las pruebas cognitivas incluyeron la Prueba de Stroop y la Prueba de Símbolos Digitales. Los resultados revelaron una correlación negativa significativa entre un IMC más alto y las habilidades motoras, lo que indica que puntajes más altos de IMC se asociaron con un menor rendimiento en las pruebas motoras. Este hallazgo destaca el impacto perjudicial de un IMC elevado en el rendimiento físico y subraya la importancia de medidas preventivas e intervenciones tempranas para abordar la obesidad en adolescentes. El estudio resalta la necesidad de comprender el vínculo entre la aptitud física y la composición corporal para desarrollar programas educativos y de salud efectivos. Se requieren más investigaciones para aclarar las relaciones causales y diseñar intervenciones personalizadas que mejoren las habilidades motoras y prevengan la obesidad infantil. Además, los estudios futuros deben explorar las diferencias de género y sus posibles efectos sobre el rendimiento académico y el desarrollo cognitivo, para obtener una comprensión más integral de los factores que influyen en los resultados tanto físicos como cognitivos.
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