El peso de las expectativas: examinando la ansiedad por la apariencia social y la presión sociocultural como predictores de la imagen corporal de los estudiantes
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https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2026.12.2.12818Resumen
Este estudio examinó las asociaciones entre la ansiedad por la apariencia social, la presión sociocultural percibida y la imagen corporal entre estudiantes universitarios, utilizando un diseño de investigación cuantitativo-correlacional. Participaron un total de 1,270 estudiantes de pregrado mediante muestreo aleatorio simple, siendo la mayoría mujeres con edades entre 18 y 21 años. Los datos se recopilaron mediante instrumentos validados que demostraron una fiabilidad aceptable. Se obtuvo la aprobación ética del comité de revisión institucional correspondiente, y se aseguró el consentimiento informado de todos los participantes antes de la recolección de datos. Se utilizaron estadísticas descriptivas para caracterizar las variables del estudio, mientras que se aplicaron análisis de correlación de Pearson y regresión múltiple para examinar la fuerza y dirección de las relaciones y el grado en que la ansiedad por la apariencia social y la presión sociocultural percibida estaban asociadas estadísticamente con la imagen corporal. Los resultados indicaron asociaciones significativas entre la ansiedad por la apariencia social, la presión sociocultural y la imagen corporal, sugiriendo que niveles más altos de ansiedad relacionada con la apariencia y de expectativas sociales percibidas se vinculan con percepciones más negativas de la imagen corporal. Los hallazgos de regresión mostraron además que ambos predictores explican una proporción significativa de la varianza en la imagen corporal, indicando su valor predictivo relativo dentro del modelo propuesto. En general, los hallazgos resaltan la naturaleza interconectada de los factores psicológicos y socioculturales en relación con la imagen corporal de los estudiantes, sin implicar efectos causales. Este estudio contribuye a la literatura existente al proporcionar evidencia empírica de que la imagen corporal está asociada tanto con preocupaciones internas relacionadas con la apariencia como con presiones socioculturales externas, subrayando la importancia de abordar la imagen corporal dentro de un contexto social y psicológico más amplio.
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