Actividades físicas para la salud y la aptitud física y factores de género: un análisis de la actividad física y las actitudes de los estudiantes hacia la Educación Física
Barra lateral del artículo
Contenido principal del artículo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2026.12.2.12990Resumen
Con los cambios en el estilo de vida que traen los avances modernos, comprender la actividad física y las actitudes de los estudiantes hacia la Educación Física es vital para promover la salud y el bienestar de por vida. Por lo tanto, este estudio investigó los niveles de actividad física y las actitudes hacia la Educación Física entre 880 estudiantes de Actividades Físicas para la Salud y la Aptitud Física en el primer semestre del año académico 2024-2025 en todos los grupos de género y ofertas de cursos de Actividades Físicas para la Salud y la Aptitud Física, utilizando un diseño de métodos mixtos explicativo secuencial. El cuestionario validado elaborado por el investigador, basado en el Cuestionario Global de Actividad Física y el instrumento de actitud de Ishee y Smith, se utilizó para recopilar los datos cuantitativos. Por otro lado, los datos cualitativos se recopilaron a través de una discusión de grupo focal. Los resultados del estudio revelaron un alto nivel de actividad física y actitudes positivas hacia la Educación Física en todos los grupos de género y ofertas de cursos, con los hombres con una puntuación media ligeramente más alta que las mujeres. Los resultados también revelaron una relación significativa entre la actividad física y la actitud en todas las dimensiones (p < .001). Se observaron diferencias significativas entre estudiantes hombres y mujeres, tanto en actividad física como en actitudes hacia la Educación Física, en todos los cursos de Actividades Físicas para la Salud y la Condición Física. Los hallazgos cualitativos destacaron temas como el movimiento en el estilo de vida, las influencias sociales, las preferencias de género, las barreras y el valor de los cursos de Actividades Físicas para la Salud y la Condición Física. Los hallazgos enfatizan la necesidad de currículos de educación física inclusivos, diversos y centrados en el estudiante.
Palabras clave:
Detalles del artículo
Referencias
Ahmed, M. D., & Al Salim, Z. A. (2024). Provision of Quality Physical Education to enhance the motive of Physical Activity and its underlying Behavior among university students. Heliyon, 10(3), e25152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25152
Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (2021). The Influence of Attitudes on Behavior. The Handbook of Attitudes, January 2005, 187–236. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781410612823-13
Antonio, A. (2025). Use of social networks in motivation and physical activity levels among untrained Filipinogen Zyoung adults. SportisSci J, 11 (3), 1-24 https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2025.11.3.11916
Araujo, R. H. O., Werneck, A. O., Martins, C. L., Barboza, L. L., Tassitano, R. M., Aguilar-Farias, N., Jesus, G. M., Ramírez-Vélez, R., Tesler, R., Oyeyemi, A. L., Silva, E. C. M., Weaver, R. G., Tremblay, M. S., Brazo-Sayavera, J., Mielke, G. I., & Silva, D. R. P. (2024). Global prevalence and gender inequalities in at least 60 min of self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity 1 or more days per week: An analysis with 707,616 adolescents. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 13(5), 709–716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2023.10.011
Ávalos-Ramos, M. A., Vidaci, A., Pascual-Galiano, M. T., & Vega-Ramírez, L. (2024). Factors Influencing Physical Activity and Sports Practice among Young People by Gender: Challenges and Barriers. Education Sciences, 14(9), 967. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14090967
Biddle, S. J. H., Ciaccioni, S., Thomas, G., & Vergeer, I. (2019). Physical activity and mental health in children and adolescents: An updated review of reviews and an analysis of causality. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 42(May), 146–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.08.011
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Bujang, M. A., Omar, E. D., Foo, D. H. P., & Hon, Y. K. (2024). Sample size determination for conducting a pilot study to assess reliability of a questionnaire. Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, 49(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e3
Bukvić, Z., Ćirović, D., & Nikolić, D. (2021). The importance of physical activity for the development of motor skills of younger school age children. Medicinski Podmladak, 72(2), 34–39. https://doi.org/10.5937/mp72-31878
Cachón-Zagalaz, J., Carrasco-Venturelli, H., Sánchez-Zafra, M., & Zagalaz-Sánchez, M. L. (2023). Motivation toward Physical Activity and Healthy Habits of Adolescents: A Systematic Review. Children, 10(4), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10040659
Casado-Robles, C.; Mayorga-Vega, D.; Guijarro-Romero, S.; Viciana, J. (2025). Is Physical Education more enjoyable outside than inside the school center?Sportis Sci J, 11 (3), 1-27 https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2025.11.3.11300
Chen, W. S., Zhou, B., Peng, B., & Li, L. (2024). The relationship between urban residents' physical exercise attitudes and sports consumption demands: the mediating role of physical activity level. Frontiers in Psychology, 15(December), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1500150
Creswell, W. J., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publication, Inc. 31 (3). https://doi.org/10.1002/nha3.2025
da Silveira, M. P., da Silva Fagundes, K. K., Bizuti, M. R., Starck, É., Rossi, R. C., & de Resende e Silva, D. T. (2021). Physical exercise as a tool to help the immune system against COVID-19: an integrative review of the current literature. Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 21(1), 15–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10238-020-00650-3
Domville, M., Watson, P. M., Richardson, D., & Graves, L. E. F. (2019). Children’s perceptions of factors that influence PE enjoyment: a qualitative investigation. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 24(3), 207–219. https://doi.org/10.1080/17408989.2018.1561836
Gatchalian, F. A., & Limbo, C. B. (2021). Awareness, Attitude, and Practices on Hydration and Fluid Replacement Among Coaches Of Varsity Athletes. Journal of Indonesian Physical Education and Sport, 7(1), 46–59. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21009/JIPES.071.05
Guerrero, A.S.T.; Ison, C.P.; Ramos, R.A.T. (2025). The emotional power of physical activity: examining its role in enhancing students' self-efficacy. Sportis Sci J, 11 (4), 1-27 https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2025.11.4.11996
Gulanes, A.A. (2025). Investigating physical activity as a buffer against academic burnout in rural academia. Sportis Sci J, 11 (4), 1-25 https://doi.org/1.17979/sportis.2025.11.4.12018
Kong, Y. (2021). The Role of Experiential Learning on Students' Motivation and Classroom Engagement. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(October), 10–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.771272
Li, J., Arifani, Y., Liu, Y., & Junaidi, J. (2025). The psychological need development model influences students ’ intentions to physical activity El modelo de desarrollo de necesidades psicológicas influye en las intenciones de los estudiantes hacia la actividad física. 2025, 1146–1161. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v67.113527
Marcaida, L. M., Gile, W. G. C., Tolentino, J. C. G., Carlos, C. O., Flores, J. D., & Cortez, G. A. D. (2022). Edu Sportivo. 3(1), 56–64. https://doi.org/10.25299/esijope.2022.vol3(1).8914
Mercier, K., Centeio, E., Garn, A., Erwin, H., Marttinen, R., & Foley, J. (2021). Physical education teachers' experiences with remote instruction during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 40(2), 337–342. https://doi.org/10.1123/JTPE.2020-0272
Oberg,C.,Hodges,H.,Gander,S.,Nathawad,R.,&Cutts,D. (2022). The impact of COVID-19 on children’s lives in the United States: Amplified inequities and a just path to recovery. Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care, 52(7), 101181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cppeds.2022.101181
Ozemek, C., Lavie, C. J., & Rognmo, Ø. (2019). Global physical activity levels - Need for intervention. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 62(2), 102–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2019.02.004
Perez, R. D., Doruelo, M. E. Y., & Madrigal, D. V. (2022). Development of the Physical Activity Plan for Physical Education Instruction in Public Senior High Schools: An Exploratory Sequential Mixed Method Inquiry. Education Quarterly Reviews, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1993.05.03.544
Romero-parra, N., Bores-garc, D., & La, M. D. (2023). Gender Differences in University Students' Levels of Physical Activity and Motivations to Engage in Physical Activity.Educ.Sci. 13(4), 340. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13040340
Sevil-Serrano, J., Aibar, A., Abós, Á., Generelo, E., & García-González, L. (2022). Improving motivation for physical activity and physical education through a school-based intervention. Journal of Experimental Education, 90(2), 383–403. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220973.2020.1764466
Silva, R., Farias, C., & Mesquita, I. (2024). "It's Good to Have a Voice": What Do Students Think about the Impact of a Flexible Curricular Implementation of Student-Centered Pedagogies on Their Own Learning Experiences? Education Sciences, 14(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14101074
Smit, D. J. M., van Oostrom, S. H., Engels, J. A., & Proper, K. I. (2024). The effect of an integrated workplace health promotion program on health behaviors targeted after 12 months: Results of a cluster randomized controlled trial. Applied Ergonomics, 121(July), 104362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104362
Smith, J. A., Griffith, D. M., White, A., Baker, P., Watkins, D. C., Drummond, M., & Semlow, A. (2020). Covid-19, equity and men's health: Using evidence to inform future public health policy, practice and research responses to pandemics. International Journal of Men's Social and Community Health, 3(1), e48–e64. https://doi.org/10.22374/ijmsch.v3i1.42
Stewart, R., Wright, B., Smith, L., Roberts, S., & Russell, N. (2021). Gendered stereotypes and norms: A systematic review of interventions designed to shift attitudes and behaviour. Heliyon, 7(4), e06660. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06660
Viva, E. B., & Limbo, C. B. (2021). Motivation, Attitude, And Competence of Physical Education Students. Canadian Journal of Educational and Social Studies, 1(2), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.53103/cjess.v1i2.9
Wang, Y., Han, Y., Li, P., & Zhang, B. (2024). Attitude and Attitudinal Structures Toward Physical Education and Their Influences on Physical Activity Behavior. International Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.18122/ijpah1.3.2.3boisestate
Woodforde, J., Gomersall, S., Timperio, A., Mavoa, S., Perales, F., Salmon, J., & Stylianou, M. (2024). Before-school physical activity patterns among adolescents using accelerometer and GPS data. Health and Place, 86(February), 103222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103222