Comparison of CPC and IPC Strategies Based on PI/PID Controllers for a 15 MW Wind Turbine

Abstract

Large-scale offshore wind turbines require control strategies capable of ensuring power regulation while reducing structural loads. This work evaluated different pitch control strategies applied to the IEA 15 MW reference wind turbine operating in Region 3. PI and PID controllers were considered under both Collective Pitch Control (CPC) and Individual Pitch Control (IPC) schemes, whose parameters were tuned using genetic algorithms based on a global performance index that integrates regulation, actuator activity, and load mitigation requirements. The evaluation was carried out through aeroelastic simulations in OpenFAST and MATLAB/Simulink under turbulent wind conditions. The results showed that all optimized strategies improved the overall performance compared to the baseline controller. Among them, the PI+GA+IPC configuration achieved the lowest value of the global performance index, while the inclusion of derivative action did not provide significant improvements over the PI-based control strategies.