Programa de intervención psicomotriz en un contexto preescolar inclusivo: un estudio piloto
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https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2026.12.2.12704Resumen
La inclusión social y los desafíos de conducta en contextos naturalistas requieren intervenciones específicas cuando el apoyo general resulta insuficiente. Las intervenciones psicomotoras han integrado características adecuadas para niños en edad preescolar; sin embargo, se necesita más investigación para establecer su eficacia. Este estudio piloto tuvo como objetivo evaluar la viabilidad y la validez social de un programa de intervención psicomotora selectiva sobre las habilidades psicomotoras y socioemocionales de niños en edad preescolar (de 4 a 6 años) con trastorno del espectro autista (n=4) y con desarrollo neurotípico (n=17). Un estudio secuencial de métodos mixtos con diseño pre–post sin grupo de control investiga los efectos preliminares sobre las funciones psicomotoras, las habilidades sociales y las conductas problemáticas. También se analizaron datos procedentes de grupos focales y observaciones después de una intervención grupal de 12 sesiones que incluía experiencias corporales expresivas y orientadas a la acción. Se encontró una mejora significativa en las funciones psicomotoras (z= –3.921, p<.001, r=.86), a pesar de no observarse diferencias notables en las habilidades sociales y conductuales informadas por padres y maestros. Estos hallazgos ofrecen una perspectiva sobre la validez del programa de intervención psicomotora y sus posibles beneficios para futuras réplicas de estudio.
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