El miedo al fracaso como predictor multidimensional de la calidad de la motivación en estudiantes-atletas de deportes de equipo
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https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2026.12.2.13164Resumen
El miedo al fracaso constituye una presión psicológica persistente en el deporte competitivo; sin embargo, su influencia en la calidad de la motivación entre estudiantes-atletas que participan en deportes de equipo continúa siendo insuficientemente esclarecida. Fundamentado en la Teoría de la Autodeterminación (TAD), este estudio examinó si el miedo al fracaso funciona como un correlato adaptativo o maladaptativo de la regulación motivacional en estudiantes-atletas universitarios involucrados en deportes de equipo. Un total de 421 estudiantes-atletas completaron instrumentos validados para evaluar el miedo al fracaso y la motivación deportiva. Los análisis factoriales confirmatorios respaldaron la estructura multidimensional del miedo al fracaso y el modelo bifactorial de motivación autónoma y controlada. Los análisis de correlación bivariada y regresión múltiple revelaron que el miedo al fracaso se asoció negativamente tanto con la motivación autónoma como con la motivación controlada. Aunque la asociación con la motivación autónoma fue estadísticamente significativa, su magnitud práctica fue mínima. En contraste, el miedo al fracaso mostró una relación negativa más consistente con la motivación controlada. Los miedos de carácter social, especialmente aquellos vinculados con la vergüenza y la decepción interpersonal, emergieron como los predictores más influyentes. Estos hallazgos sugieren que niveles elevados de miedo al fracaso pueden operar como un inhibidor motivacional general más que como un catalizador basado en la presión dentro de contextos deportivos de equipo. Los resultados subrayan la importancia de entornos autónomo-apoyadores y psicológicamente seguros para sostener una regulación motivacional adaptativa en estudiantes-atletas.
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