Efectos agudos y crónicos producidos por la combinación de la restricción de flujo sanguíneo y electroestimulación en miembro inferior. Una revisión sistemática.
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https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2025.11.3.11093Resumen
El entrenamiento con restricción del flujo sanguíneo (BFR) y la electroestimulación neuromuscular (EENM) aplicada de forma aislada son terapias efectivas para la rehabilitación. Sin embargo, la combinación de las mismas, ya se utilizan en el campo de la rehabilitación y el deporte. Con el objetivo de conocer los efectos agudos y crónicos de dicha combinación se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos de PubMed, Web of Science y PEDro. Se incluyeron ensayos clínicos aleatorizados (ECA) que aplicaran la combinación de BFR y EENM en miembro inferior en seres humanos. Se incluyeron un total de 6 ECAs. Los estudios incluidos utilizaron diferentes protocolos de BFR y EENM con mediciones de resultados heterogéneas, por tanto, se realizó un análisis cualitativo. Tres de los seis artículos analizaron la fuerza del cuádriceps y demostraron una mejora significativa tras la combinación de BFR y EENM. La masa muscular se analizó en dos estudios, aunque solamente uno demostró aumentos significativos tras la combinación de BFR y EENM. La fatiga fue analizada en dos artículos, siendo esta mayor al combinar la BFR con la EENM en la intervención. Como conclusión, los resultados de esta revisión indican que el entrenamiento combinado de BFR y EENM puede ser beneficioso para mejorar la fuerza del cuádriceps, así como la prevención de pérdida masa muscular durante una inmovilización
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