This issue on ecofeminism(s) is inserted in the framework of the essays that promoted the equalization of women and that have appeared since the modern era in various European countries, such as that of the French author François Poullain de la Barre in On Education of the ladies (1671) or The Equality of the Sexes (1673) or with the British Mary Astell, A Serious Proposal to the Ladies (1694-97) and Mary Wollstonecraft, Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), and with many other thinkers who since the Renaissance emphasized the need for women to be considered equal both from the intellectual point of view and their civil rights as citizens. The woman or the animals were often equated and considered as subsidiary beings, with the purpose of caring, helping or supplying in the patriarchal society. The defense of animals had already been valued by the British suffragettes, who -in addition to claiming the right to vote- were clearly opposed to the vivisection of non-human animals as conduct lacking in ethics and empathy.