Trait anxiety among adolescents: levels and differences relative to rate of physical exercise

Abstract

The aim of this research was to assess the levels of trait anxiety among students of junior- and senior-cycle secondary school in Galicia (Spain). The study used a psychometric-quantitative methodology, including factorial, descriptive and inferential analysis in a sample of 869 students aged between 12 and 18 years (M = 14.44; SD = 1.59), surveyed using the Anxiety Questionnaire (STAI-R) and a sociodemographic data sheet. The results showed moderate levels of trait anxiety among 49% of the sample, low levels among 26.9%, and high levels among 24.1%. Exploratory factor analysis supported a three-factor model (Inadequacy, Hopelessness, and Stability), while confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that a two-factor theoretical model (Trait anxiety-affirmative, Trait anxiety-negative) also presents an acceptable fit. Reliability was analysed using Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega, with adequate internal consistency indices found for each measure of the scale (α/ω > .70). Finally, the inferential analysis supported the existence of a higher level of trait anxiety among adolescents who do not engage in physical exercise. The paper concludes that even moderate levels of trait anxiety among young people can be improved through physical exercise.