Saúde mental e intenção de abandono universitário: o papel moderador da adaptação
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17979/reipe.2024.11.2.11109Palavras-chave:
abandono dos estudos, estudantes universitários, saúde mental, adaptação académicaResumo
Há pouca investigação sobre o abandono académico que explore a forma como a saúde mental e a adaptação académica influenciam este fenómeno. Embora a adaptação académica seja considerada uma variável-chave nos modelos clássicos e atuais de abandono académico, a saúde mental tem recebido menos atenção na literatura científica. No entanto, têm sido reportados elevados níveis de stress, ansiedade e depressão entre os estudantes universitários, que podem ter um impacto negativo no sucesso académico. Por conseguinte, a presente investigação teve como objetivo investigar a relação entre a intenção de abandono académico e a saúde mental, medida em termos de stress, ansiedade e depressão, bem como analisar o efeito moderador da adaptação académica nesta relação. Foi utilizada uma amostra por conveniência, envolvendo 581 estudantes universitários espanhóis (mulheres e homens). Os dados foram analisados através de tabelas de contingência e análise de declive simples, com recursos aos softwares estatísticos SPSS e Jamovi. Os resultados mostram que mais de 20% dos estudantes relataram sintomas severos de stress, ansiedade e/ou depressão, sendo que aqueles com intenção de abandono registaram pontuações mais elevadas. Além disso, verificou-se um efeito moderador positivo da adaptação, demonstrando que quanto menor for a adaptação, maior será a influência do stress, da ansiedade e da depressão na intenção de abandono académico. Estes resultados demonstraram o papel protetor da adaptação no abandono académico, sugerindo a necessidade de reforçar os programas destinados a favorecer a adaptação e o sucesso académico e a reduzir o abandono académico.
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